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Cyco, SDF 100, Wood-Fired Biomass Power Plant, 7500000 kcal/hr, 520 kW Electrical Power

Description

  1. Overview
    1. The power plant is designed for burning household waste, wood and plastic, released by the division of construction and waste, which also makes it possible to burn waste, including the relationship between wood and household waste.
    2. The system is designed as a so-called islanding.
    3. Part of the heat released in steam will be used for heating buildings.
    4. The installation is composed of discrete, standardized components which are integrated into a complete system.
    5. These standard units include the Cyco combustor, boiler, condensing turbine generator, condenser and flue gas cleaning unit.
  2. Combustor
    1. Brand: Cyco Combuster
    2. Type: SDF 100
    3. Capacity: 7,500,000 kcal/hr
    4. Combustion capacity: 2000 kg/hour wood, 1000 kg/hour household waste
    5. The Cyco combustor SDF100 is designed to process the offered fuel quantity and generate enough heat to meet steam demand.
    6. The primary combustion chamber is a rectangular space with a trough with grate and below the ash conveyor, where a process of gasification of the fuel takes place.
    7. Primary air compressor injects air and fluidizes the ash bed, ensuring complete burnout of the waste with maximum retention time.
    8. Gases pass vertically through the ash layer, then air is supplied again; gases mix with air and create further combustion.
    9. Gases enter tangentially into the secondary combustion chamber where, with the addition of tertiary air, they completely burn.
    10. The shape of the secondary combustion chamber and the method of entry create a rotation of the gas flame, forming a hot cyclone (hence the name cyclonic combustor).
    11. By mixing air and gas, complete combustion takes place and maximum combustion temperatures are reached, depending on fuel, up to 2000 °C.
    12. Due to the difference in density between cold air and hot flue gases, a cold air skin is achieved on the outside of the flame, in which particles are centrifuged and cooled.
    13. Particles are periodically removed via an inspection/cleaning hatch.
    14. The Cyco combustor is controlled by sensors and a PLC unit.
    15. The supply of primary, secondary and tertiary combustion air is regulated with respect to the fuel supply so that preset maximum, optimal combustion conditions are maintained.
    16. The fuel is set to a signal from the boiler system and is carried out through signaling to the infeed conveyor.
  3. Boiler
    1. Brand: Beel Industrial Boilers
    2. Type: Minster
    3. Steam capacity: 8.5 t/hr
    4. Steam pressure: 13 bar
    5. Power: 5690 kW
    6. The hot flue gases from combustion are sucked into the furnace of a 3-pass boiler.
    7. In the boiler, flue gases cool off in the furnace, second and third pull pipes, giving off heat to the water, generating steam.
    8. Steam leaves the boiler through the main valve to the steam turbine; condensate/feedwater is fed by a boiler feed pump under pressure.
    9. The three-component system controls the boiler water level relative to steam and water supply and drainage.
    10. By increasing the steam pressure, steam will decrease and this signal serves as power signal for the combustor/power band.
    11. The boiler is equipped with necessary accessories such as sight glasses, purge and vent valves, main steam valve, safety valves and level control for electrodes and security.
    12. Through bolted inspection doors, cleaning of the interior of the pipe bundles is possible.
  4. Turbine and Generator
    1. Turbo genset type: Turbodyne Dresser Rand
    2. Electrical power: 520 kW
    3. Steam through a pipe from the boiler to the turbine; this single stage turbine expands steam from a higher to a lower pressure, releasing energy.
    4. The turbine drives through a transmission the generator, where electrical energy is generated.
    5. The turbine is equipped with a TG 13 governor for speed control and security.
    6. Bearings have a sealed lubrication system equipped with water cooling.
    7. The turbine is designed for outdoor use and consists essentially of: turbine housing with 4" inlet and 12" outlet flange, divided horizontally; Curtis single stage turbine rotor with blades mounted on two points; TG 13 governor, overspeed and local trip.
    8. The driven generator is a 4-pole induction generator, 50 Hz, 380 V, 1500 rpm, 630 kVA for islanding.
    9. Between the turbine and generator is a high-revving gearbox with forced oil cooling/lubrication, reducing turbine speed to 1500 rpm.
    10. An oil lubrication system completes the turbine generator, assembled into a complete unit in a frame.
  5. Condenser
    1. Type: Alfa Laval AK 20 FM
    2. The low pressure stream leaving the turbine is fed to a condenser where heat is released to the cooling water.
    3. For heating, the heat is released as water of approximately 80 °C and goes through a pump to transport the convection heating in buildings.
    4. The cooled water is returned to the system.
  6. Flue Gas Cleaning
    1. Fuel gas filter type: cloth filter BMD SL GTF
    2. The cooled flue gases leave the boiler to an off-gas purifier to ensure environmental requirements in the permit are met.
    3. Dust is trapped in a vibrating vane electrostatic filter with a spraying device to clean the plates.
    4. Gaseous pollutants are electrically charged, changing the molecular structure to meet emission standards (NOx and SOx breakup) and also improved by washing with chemicals.
    5. Spray water is recirculated and pH controlled; solid particles are trapped in a sieve.
    6. Through a 15 meters (above surface) high chimney, flue gases leave the plant; the chimney provides a measure for performing emission measurements by third parties.
    7. Some instruments are placed out in the framework of the permit prescribed.
  7. System Operation
    1. Construction and waste wood can be invoked via a conveyor into the buffer hopper, which has a capacity of about 4 m³.
    2. The ash hopper is dimensioned such that its content is sufficient for the regulation of the combustor to absorb.
    3. Via a conveyor, according to the need to steam, the wood is conducted into the Cyco combustor where it is burned.
    4. Household waste is from a separate storage silo via a screw conveyor to the wood bed invoked; this screw is adjusted so that the ratio between wood and household waste has a pre-calculated value ensuring good combustion.
    5. The feeder system of household waste is closed out to avoid odor nuisance; only the band is in contact with the environment.
    6. Via an adjustable chute, the waste enters the primary chamber of the Cyco combustor.
    7. Condensate from the turbine/condenser returns via a buffer (hot-well) to the boiler, pumped back to the extent necessary to make up water treatment (softening).
    8. The tension cables of the generator are fed to a central control box/panel, which also includes the scheme for voltage and frequency.
    9. The switch panel will be linked to the main distribution of the plant, so that power is available for starting the installation.
  8. Included Components
    1. Economiser
    2. Feed pumps
    3. Condensate tank
    4. Central switchboard
    5. Water softener
    6. Fireplace
    7. 3 heaters
    8. A shipping container
    9. Etc.