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- G-6925 ELECTRONIC STUFFING MACHINE FOR PILLOWS AND FURNISHING CUSHIONREFERENCE NUMBER: G-6925 ELECTRONIC STUFFING MACHINE FOR PILLOWS AND FURNISHING CUSHION QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 1 Learn More
- YY-2170 PACKING MACHINES, DIFFERENT MODELSYY-2170 PACKING MACHINES, DIFFERENT MODELS ITEM 001 PILLOW VACUUM PACKING MACHINE QUANTITY: 1 ITEM 002 PILLOW VACUUM PACKING MACHINE (CAN PRESS TWO PILLOWS AT A TIME) QUANTITY: 1 ITEM 003 AUTOMATIC COMPRESS PACKING MACHINE(AIR PRESSURE SYSTEM) WITH FRONT FEED CONVEYOR QUANTITY: 1 ITEM 004 AUTOMATIC PILLOW VACUUM PACKING MACHINE (HYDRAULIC SYSTEM) WITH FRONT AND BACK FEED CONVEYOR QUANTITY: 1 Learn More
- K-1782 AUTOMATIC BAGGING LINE MOD. EASY BAG - WITHOUT LEAFLET INSERTIONREFERENCE NUMBER: K-1782 AUTOMATIC BAGGING LINE MOD. EASY BAG - WITHOUT LEAFLET INSERTION DESCRIPTION: THIS IS AN AUTOMATIC LINE COMPLETE WITH ROBOTIC MACHINES SPECIFICALLY FOR FILLING PILLOWS AND CUSHIONS INTO PLASTIC BAGS WITH PRESS AND WELDING SYSTEM WITH BAGGED CUSHIONS AUTOMATIC OUTPUT. QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 1 Learn More
- D-2388 What’s the Best Material for a Mask?
Federal health officials have now recommended that we cover our faces with fabric during the coronavirus pandemic. But what material offers the most protection?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has posted a no-sew mask pattern using a bandanna and a coffee filter as well as a video on making masks using rubber bands and folded fabrics found at home.
While a simple face covering can reduce the spread of coronavirus by blocking outgoing germs from coughs or sneezes of an infected person, experts say there is more variation in how much homemade masks might protect the wearer from incoming germs, depending on the fit and quality of the material used.
Scientists around the country have taken it upon themselves to identify everyday materials that do a better job of filtering microscopic particles. In recent tests, HEPA furnace filters scored well, as did vacuum cleaner bags, layers of 600-count pillowcases and fabric similar to flannel pajamas. Stacked coffee filters had medium scores. Scarves and bandanna material had the lowest scores, but still captured a small percentage of particles.
If you don’t have any of the materials that were tested, a simple light test can help you decide whether a fabric is a good candidate for a mask.
“Hold it up to a bright light,” said Dr. Scott Segal, chairman of anesthesiology at Wake Forest Baptist Health who recently studied homemade masks. “If light passes really easily through the fibers and you can almost see the fibers, it’s not a good fabric. If it’s a denser weave of thicker material and light doesn’t pass through it as much, that’s the material you want to use.”
Researchers say it’s important to remember that lab studies are conducted under perfect conditions with no leaks or gaps in the mask, but the test methods give us a way to compare materials. And while the degree of filtration for some homemade masks seems low, most of us — who are staying home and practicing social distancing in public — don’t need the high level of protection required for medical workers. More important, any face covering is better than none, especially if worn by a person who has the virus but doesn’t know it.
The biggest challenge of choosing a homemade mask material is to find a fabric that is dense enough to capture viral particles, but breathable enough that we can actually wear it. Some items being touted online promise high filtration scores, but the material would be unwearable.
Dressing Up for Work … at Home
Yang Wang, an assistant professor of environmental engineering at Missouri University of Science and Technology, worked with his graduate students to study various combinations of layered materials — including both air filters and fabric. “You need something that is efficient for removing particles, but you also need to breathe,” said Dr. Wang, who last fall won an international award for aerosol research.To test everyday materials, scientists are using methods similar to those used to test medical masks, which everybody agrees should be saved for medical workers who are exposed to high doses of virus from seeing infected patients. The best medical mask — called the N95 respirator — filters out at least 95 percent of particles as small as 0.3 microns. By comparison, a typical surgical mask — made using a rectangular piece of pleated fabric with elastic ear loops — has a filtration efficiency ranging from 60 to 80 percent.
Dr. Wang’s group tested two types of air filters. An allergy-reduction HVAC filter worked the best, capturing 89 percent of particles with one layer and 94 percent with two layers. A furnace filter captured 75 percent with two layers, but required six layers to achieve 95 percent. To find a filter similar to those tested, look for a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) rating of 12 or higher or a microparticle performance rating of 1900 or higher.
The problem with air filters is that they potentially could shed small fibers that would be risky to inhale. So if you want to use a filter, you need to sandwich the filter between two layers of cotton fabric. Dr. Wang said one of his grad students made his own mask by following the instructions in the C.D.C. video, but adding several layers of filter material inside a bandanna.
Dr. Wang’s group also found that when certain common fabrics were used, two layers offered far less protection than four layers. A 600 thread count pillow case captured just 22 percent of particles when doubled, but four layers captured nearly 60 percent. A thick woolen yarn scarf filtered 21 percent of particles in two layers, and 48.8 percent in four layers. A 100 percent cotton bandanna did the worst, capturing only 18.2 percent when doubled, and just 19.5 percent in four layers.
The group also tested Brew Rite and Natural Brew basket-style coffee filters, which, when stacked in three layers, showed 40 to 50 percent filtration efficiency — but they were less breathable than other options.
If you are lucky enough to know a quilter, ask them to make you a mask. Tests performed at the Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine in Winston-Salem, N.C., showed good results for homemade masks using quilting fabric. Dr. Segal, of Wake Forest Baptist Health, who led the study, noted that quilters tend to use high-quality, high-thread count cotton. The best homemade masks in his study were as good as surgical masks or slightly better, testing in the range of 70 to 79 percent filtration. Homemade masks that used flimsier fabric tested as low as 1 percent filtration, Dr. Segal said.
The best-performing designs were a mask constructed of two layers of high-quality, heavyweight “quilter’s cotton,” a two-layer mask made with thick batik fabric, and a double-layer mask with an inner layer of flannel and outer layer of cotton.
Bonnie Browning, executive show director for the American Quilter’s Society, said that quilters prefer tightly woven cottons and batik fabrics that stand up over time. Ms. Browning said most sewing machines can handle only two layers of fabric when making a pleated mask, but someone who wanted four layers of protection could wear two masks at a time.
Ms. Browning said she recently reached out to quilters on Facebook and heard from 71 people who have made a combined total of nearly 15,000 masks. “We quilters are very much in the thick of what’s going on with this,” said Ms. Browning, who lives in Paducah, Ky. “One thing most of us have is a stash of fabric.”
People who don’t sew could try a folded origami mask, created by Jiangmei Wu, assistant professor of interior design at Indiana University. Ms. Wu, who is known for her breathtaking folded artwork, said she began designing a folded mask out of a medical and building material called Tyvek, as well as vacuum bags, after her brother in Hong Kong, where mask wearing is common, suggested it. (DuPont, the maker of Tyvek, said in a statement that Tyvek is intended for medical apparel, not masks.) The folded mask pattern is free online, as is a video demonstrating the folding process. In tests at Missouri University and University of Virginia, scientists found that vacuum bags removed between 60 percent and 87 percent of particles. But some brands of vacuum bags may contain fiberglass or are harder to breathe through than other materials, and shouldn’t be used. Ms. Wu used a bag by EnviroCare Technologies, which has said it does not use fiberglass in its paper and synthetic cloth bags.
“I wanted to create an alternative for people who don’t sew,” said Ms. Wu, who said she is talking to various groups to find other materials that will be effective in a folded mask. “Given the shortage of all kinds of materials, even vacuum bags might run out.”
The scientists who conducted the tests used a standard of 0.3 microns because that is the measure used by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health for medical masks.
Linsey Marr, a Virginia Tech aerosol scientist and an expert in the transmission of viruses, said the certification method for respirators and HEPA filters focuses on 0.3 microns because particles around that size are the hardest to catch. While it seems counterintuitive, particles smaller than 0.1 microns are actually easier to catch because they have a lot of random motion that makes them bump into the filter fibers, she said.
“Even though coronavirus is around 0.1 microns, it floats around in a wide range of sizes, from around 0.2 to several hundred microns, because people shed the virus in respiratory fluid droplets that also contain lots of salts and proteins and other things,” said Dr. Marr. “Even if the water in the droplets fully evaporates, there’s still a lot of salt and proteins and other gunk that stays behind as solid or gel-like material. I think 0.3 microns is still useful for guidance because the minimum filtration efficiency will be somewhere around this size, and it’s what NIOSH uses.”
Learn More - E-9988 AUTOMATIC PILLOW MACHINEREFERENC ENUMBER: E-9988 AUTOMATIC PILLOW MACHINE MODEL: CF INSTALLATION AREA: 9000 X 5000 X 2100mm (29.5 FEET X 16.4 FEET X 82 INCHES) MIXING CHAMBER SIZE: AROUND 300KG (600 LBS) VOLTAGE: AS PER CUSTOMER REQUIREMENT POWER: 11.8KW CAPACITY: 6 PILLOWS PER MINUTE WEIGHING: ACCORDING TO THE TIME OF FILLING DISCHARGE. WEIGHT: 1.8MT (4000 LBS) LABOR: 1 OPERATOR CONTROL SYSTEM: COMPUTERIZED CONTROL SYSTEM QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 1 Learn More
- J-2216 DOWN & FEATHER FILLING MACHINE, 4 WEIGH SCALES, 1 NOZZLE, 1400 GRAMS PER FILL -1400 GRAMS PER FILL
FOR FILLING DOWN FEATHER PILLOWS
FILLING RANGE: 1 TO 120 GRAMS (70% FEATHER & 30% DOWN)
WEIGHING SYSTEM: 4 SETS
POWER: 4.5 KW
VOLTAGE: 220 / 380 V, 3-PHASE
AIR PRESSURE: 0.5 TO 0.7 MPA
ACCURATE WEIGHING RESULTS WITH TOLERANCE OF ONLY 1 GRAM
WORKING TABLE DIMENSIONS: 1200 x 2400mm (FOR CUSTOMERS FILLING PILLOWS AND QUILTS)
WORKING TABLE DIMENSIONS FOR PILLOWS ONLY: 1200 x 1200mm (EASIER TO FIT IN A 20 FOOT CONTAINER)
OPERATION CAN BE HANDLED BY ONLY 1 EMPLOYEE
INCLUDES ONE AUTOMATIC FILLING TABLE WITH FOOT SWITCH AND CLAMP DEVICE
THE WORKER STEPS ON THE FOOT SWITCH AND THE CLAMP DEVICE WILL RUN TO CLAMP THE PILLOW BAG
THE FILLING PROCESS AUTOMATICALLY STARTS TO FILL THE PILLOW AND AFTER FINISHING THE CLAMP DEVICE WILL RESET
DURING THIS PERIOD, THE WORKER MAY SEAL THE PILLOW WITH SEWING MACHINE
FOUR HOPPER SYSTEM FOR CONSTANT SUPPLY
ONE KEY FOR CHARGE AND RECHARGE REDUCES WASTED TIME
HIGH-QUALITY, RELIABLE ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
PREPROGRAMMABLE FOR UP TO 50 GROUPS OF RECIPES WITH EACH RECIPE CONTAINING UP TO 60 SETS OF DIFFERENT FILLING PARTS FOR THE SAME PRODUCTION
FULLY ENCLOSED DESIGN TO KEEP ENVIRONMENT CLEAN AND REDUCE MATERIAL WASTE
AUTOMATIC, ACCURATE WEIGHING WITH LOAD CELL TO ENSURE PRODUCTION QUALITY
CE CERTIFICATE INCLUDED
FLOORSPACE 4000mm LONG X 3000mm WIDE X 2500mm HIGH
TABLE FOR PILLOWS IS 1200 X 1200mm
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QUANTITY: 1 - M-7753 DOWN PILLOW FILLING MACHINE WITHOUT WEIGHING SYSTEM
REFERENCE NUMBER: M-7753
DOWN PILLOW FILLING MACHINE WITHOUT WEIGHING SYSTEM
DOWN PILLOW FILLING MACHINE
WITHOUT WEIGHING SYSTEM
BEST MACHINE IF YOU DON’T NEED EXACT WEIGHT FOR EVERY PILLOW
QUANTITY: 1
Learn More - K-4611 LINE VACUUM FOR PILLOWS AND QUILTSREFERENCE NUMBER: K-4611 LINE VACUUM FOR PILLOWS AND QUILTS SMALL PLANT FOR BAGGING, VACUUM PRESS AND ROLL PILLOWS. IN THE LINE YOU INSERT CUSHIONS FIBER, LATEX AND POLYURETHANE OF VARIOUS DENSITIES, SHAPES AND SIZES, AS WELL AS DUVETS, QUILTS, ETC. WITH VOLUME REDUCTION UP TO MINUS (NEGATIVE) 70 PERCENT. QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 1 Learn More
- G-7662 PILLOW FILLING MACHINE TO FILL SHREDDED FOAMS AND FIBERS WITH PLC TIMER CONTROLREFERENCE NUMBER: G-7662 PILLOW FILLING MACHINE TO FILL SHREDDED FOAMS AND FIBERS WITH PLC TIMER CONTROL THE MACHINE USED TO FILL WITH OPENED FIBER, SHREDDED FOAM, BALL FIBER AND FEATHER DOWN; FOR PILLOWS, CUSHIONS, PADS AND SOFA FILLINGS QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 1 Learn More
- F-1360 FILLING FANS FOR BAGS, CUSHIONS , PILLOWS, HOSES , ETCREFERENCE NUMBER: F-1360 FILLING FANS FOR BAGS, CUSHIONS , PILLOWS, HOSES , ETC AVAILABLE MODELS: A) DIMENSIONS: 900 X 600 X 1340 POWER: 3kW NET WEIGHT: 130kg AIR PRESSURE: <0.5mpa B) DIMENSIONS: 1085 X 700 X 1020 POWER: 4kW NET WEIGHT: 130kg AIR PRESSURE: <0.5mpa C) DIMENSIONS: 2400 X 700 X 1330 POWER: 4kW NET WEIGHT: 150kg AIR PRESSURE: <0.5mpa QUANTITY AVAILABLE: 3 Learn More